Forensic iOS

Cybersecurity Report: Vulnerabilities and Security Issues in iOS 18 Smartphones

Prepared: April, 2025

Author: Strategic Analysis Unit – CEPRODE EUROPE

Data forensic analysis reveals iOS 18 security vulnerabilities.

Download the full report here:

iOS18_Security_Report.pdf

Stáhnout PDF • 224KB

Overview

Apple’s iOS 18, deployed across iPhone XS and newer models, has addressed over 30 critical security vulnerabilities in its recent iOS 18.5 update. These threats span from kernel-level code execution exploits to app-specific flaws and even baseband modem vulnerabilities.

Critical Vulnerabilities in iOS 18

Component	Description	CVE Identifier(s)
Kernel	Remote termination of apps and OS, leading to system crashes	CVE-2025-31219
WebKit	Type confusion enabling memory corruption and RCE	CVE-2025-24213 + 8 and others
libexpat	Memory corruption in component	CVE-2024-8176
C1 Modem	Baseband flaw permitting network traffic interception	CVE-2025-31214
FaceTime	Audio privacy compromised by unmuted calls	Not Assigned
iCloud	Unauthorized access to shared folders	CVE-2025-30448
Bluetooth	Sensitive data access through Core Bluetooth stack	CVE-2025-31212
AppleJPEG	DoS via malicious image injection	CVE-2025-31251

Figure: iOS 18 Vulnerability Distribution by Component

Exploited Vulnerabilities in Earlier iOS 18 Versions

Patch Version	Exploit Description	CVE Identifier(s)
18.3.1	USB Restricted Mode bypass granting unauthorized data access	CVE-2024-40840
18.3.1	Notes app flaw allowing recovery of deleted call recordings	CVE-2025-31227
18.4.1	Exploits in CoreAudio and RPAC used in sophisticated targeted campaigns	CVE-2025-31200, CVE- 2025-31201

Mitigation and Recommendations

1. 1. Update Immediately to iOS 18.5

iOS 18.5 includes 33 security fixes targeting kernel, WebKit, modem, and app-level vulnerabilities.

Supported by iPhone XS and newer.

2. 2. Improve Physical Security Measures

Disable access to Notes and Files from the lock screen.

Enforce USB Restricted Mode.

Use Face ID/Touch ID for sensitive app access.

3. 3. Enhance Network Safety

Employ VPN when on public/untrusted Wi-Fi networks.

iPhone 16e users should be cautious due to modem-level interception risks.

4. 4. Application Management

Review app permissions regularly.

Remove outdated or unused apps.

Check for rogue configuration profiles.

5. 5. User Awareness Training

Educate users about phishing risks and signs of suspicious links.

Avoid installing enterprise-signed apps from untrusted sources.

Final Chapter: Recommendations and Final Thoughts

As Apple continues to enhance the security of its iOS platform, the emergence of sophisticated exploits targeting kernel components, WebKit, and hardware-level modules like the C1 modem highlights a persistent need for proactive cyber hygiene. The landscape of mobile threats evolves rapidly, and even robust systems like iOS require ongoing vigilance from both developers and users.

To maintain a strong security posture, it is essential for users and organizations to:

6. 1. Stay Updated:

Ensure all devices are running the latest version of iOS. Delaying updates leaves devices vulnerable to known exploits.

7. 2. Limit Exposure:

Disable unnecessary services such as Bluetooth, AirDrop, or Location Services when not in use. Review app permissions regularly.

8. 3. Use Encrypted Channels:

Use VPNs and secure messaging platforms to ensure privacy, especially when operating on public or untrusted networks.

9. 4. Employ Mobile Threat Defense (MTD):

Enterprises should consider deploying MTD solutions to monitor for malicious behaviors and anomalies across mobile fleets.

10. 5. Educate Users:

Empower users with awareness around phishing tactics, app-based threats, and social engineering to prevent exploitation.

In conclusion, iOS 18 demonstrates Apple’s commitment to securing its ecosystem, but the shared responsibility model requires user diligence and enterprise oversight to effectively mitigate risks. With timely updates, mindful configurations, and strong awareness, iOS users can significantly reduce their exposure to modern mobile threats.